Electrical apparatus.



1. HUUR.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS` APPLICATION FILED APR. 28, I9l1.

Patented Nov. 20, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I..

Patented'Nov. 20, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. BUUR.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28. I9II.

Patented Nov. 20, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INHUMMF .momma 1. BuuR.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28. T911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

NVENTH v Patented Nov.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

JOSEPH BIJUE, of* Yortx, N. Y., AssieNcaT'o vEntert,Moron nIGHTINGCOMPANY', or NEW YORK, N. Y., A ccitronATIoN or NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2o, 1917.

Application led Apri'128, 1911. Serial No. 623,834.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOSEPH BIJUR, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ElectricalApparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to the generation of electric current uponautomobiles as for lighting and the like. One of the objects thereof isto provide a practical and efficient electrical system upon anautomobile or in any like relation. Another object is to provide inconnection with apparatus of the above type a compact, reliable andadaptable drive. Another object is to provide apparatus of the abovenature in which the various elements are compactly disposed, and yetformed and positioned for most effective and dependable action. Otherobjects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will beexemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth, and the scope ofthe application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown one of various possibleembodiments of this invention,

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of an electrical installationfor automobiles and associated parts.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line X-X of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of an electrical generating unit.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation thereof on a smaller scale.

Fig. 5 is a detail elevation of a regulating device.

Fig. 6 is an end view thereof.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken substantially along the line Y-Y ofFig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a detail side elevation of a circuit-making device.

Fig. 9 is an end view thereof.

Fig. 10 is a detail plan of a supporting element.

Fig. 11, is a sectional view taken along the line Z-Z of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a side View of a support for brush mechanism.

Fig. 13 is an edge view thereof.

Fig. 14 is a side elevation of brush mechanism.

. Fig. 15 is a sectional view of parts shown in Fig. 11.

Fig. 1G is a side view of a casing with removable panel and associatedparts.

Fig. 17 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of Fig. 16.

Fig. 1S is a side view showing the shape of the field magnet stampings.

Fig. 19 is a detail sectional view of a contact mechanism involved inthe regulating device of Fig. 5.

Fig. 20 is a detail view of the contact holder of this mechanism.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views of the drawings.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, there is shown an automobileengine 1 provided with shaft 2, fly-wheel 3, spark-plugs f1 and otheraccessories. Driven from shaft 2, as by the gearing 5, is a short shaft6 which leads to and drives a magneto 7, the latter generating ignitioncurrent for the spark-plugs 4. Driven from a sprocket 8 on shaft 6 bymeans of the sprocket-chain 9 coacting with a sprocket-wheel 1() is agenerating unit which supplies current to the storage-battery 11 and thelamps indicated p Referring now to Fig. 2 of the drawings, in which thisgenerating unit is shown in section, it may be noted that it comprises asupporting bed 13 having inwardly extending ball-bearings 14, in whichis journaled a shaft 15, provided with a gear 16 in a casing 17 andhaving fixed thereon beyond said casing the sprocket-wheel 10, abovereferred to.

Mounted upon this bed is the generator proper which comprises alaminated field magnet 18, having secured thereto at opposite ends thecasings 19 and 20. Journaled within the inwardly extending ballbearingsof these casings is the armature shaft 21, having thereon the commutator22, and armature 23, and carrying a pinion 24 meshing' with the gear 16,and inclosed by the removable casing 17. lt may be noted that thegenerator is formed to fit between the bearings 14 and otherwiseinterlock with the generator bed and may be secured in position as by astrap 25 removably secured to the bed and tautened in place as by theset-screw 26. These parts are so formed and proportioned that as the twosections are assembled, the pinion 2d will mesh properly with the gear16, and if any slight adjustment is required, it may be attained by theset-screws 27, threaded into the bed and bearing against the lowersurfaces of the casings 19 and 20.

Referring now to ield magnet 1S, it may be noted that it is built up ofa plurality of imilar stampings, 28, each of which is substantially ofthe shape shown in Fig. 18 of the drawings. rFliese several stampings,as well as the casings 19 and 20, are held in position by bolts 29,which are provided with nuts 30 at their ends and with shoulders 31 andadjustable collars 32 to confine the stampings. By the arrangement ofthe field magnet as shown, the magnetic flux is substantially shuntedabout the driving shaft 15, thus rendering the field entirelyindependent of the latter and permitting the use of a metal other thaniron or steel for this shaft if desired. Also, the shaft, even if of anon-magnetic material, may be brought into the desired close relation tothe armau ture shaft without cutting into the magnetic circuit orinterfering with the magnetic flux.

Upon the pole pieces of the field magnets, which are slightly beveledaway from a concentric surface, as at 33, are the magnet windings 34, 35and 3G, these windings being formed substantially concentric with thearmature in order to economize space.

Coacting with the commutator 22 are a pair of brushes 37, best shown inFig. 7 of the drawings, these brushes being slidably mounted inremovable holders 3S, screwed to the rocker 39, shown in Fig. 12.Pivotally mounted upon this rocker are the levers 40 which bear at theirrounded end portions upon the brushes and which are urged toward thebrushes by the spring t1 connected with the rocker at By this simplearrangement the brushes are uniformly urged into contact with thecommutator, and yet the levers 10 may be swung over into such positionas to permit the coacting springs to hold them away from Jhe brushes, asfor purposes of renewal.

Formed in the casing 19, at each side of the commutator, is a removablepanel 3, best shown in Figs. 16 and 17 of the drawings. The casing isshaped to provide a flange liet, against which the panel rests, and

plates l5, beneath which a pivotally mounted spring et?) upon the panelis turned te iocli the latter in position and urge it inwardly againstthe flange, Slight irregularities 47 are preferably formed in plates inorder to avoid the chance of the spring 46 jarring out of lockingposition. rFliese panels are substantially opposite the commutator andafford ready access to the brush mechanism and regulating devices,hereinafter described, while completely excluding dust therefrom.

As best shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings, there is provided within casing19, at one side of the commutator 22, a casing` or switchboard 48 uponwhich are mounted the substantially identical regulating devices L1-9and the main switch 50. These regulating devices control the connectionin the field circuit of the generator of a resistance element 51 mountedwithin casing 20, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the shield 52being provided to guard the field coils from the heat of this element.rlhe details of the electrical connections for these parts are not shownherein, as they, in themselves, form no part of the present invention.

Recurring to the construction of the regulating devices 19, attention isdirected to 5 and (i of the drawings. is shown in these gures, there isprovided a magnet having a core 5i formed with an enlarged head or end55. Secured to the opposite end of core 54 is a support 56 bearing aniron member 57 which has pivoted at its free end an armature 58retracted from core 5i by the adjustable spring 5.. Mounted upon themagnet adjacent the head is a brass member 60. Formed upon member G0 isa resilient cross-piece G1 provided with a piu G2 having an enlargedhead. A similar pin G3 is mounted in the brass pin 31-, with which thearmature 53 is provided, as best shown in Fig. 19 of the drawings. ablyslipped beneath the heads of each of these pins is a spring member (35,shaped as indicated in Fig. 20 and provided with a recess G6 to embracethe corresponding pin, as well as openings 67 communicating with slot 68at each end. i/Vithin these openings are inserted the contact membersG9, each of which is formed with a shoulder 70. These contact membersare inserted within the openings 67 in spring 65, and the latter slippedinto position in which it is held by its frictional contact with theparts with which it engages. rlhe contacts are thus readily removableand are yet securely mounted in position and are adapted as the armaturevibrates to make and break the circuit at two points. rilhe armature 53is provided with a counter-weight T1 whereby its action is renderedsubstantially independent of the effect of vibration and gravity. rEhedistance between the contacts upon member (31 and those upon thearmature is adjusted by a screw 72 provided at the free end of themember GO, and it may be noted that the latter member, as well as thecon- Sti tacts thereon are insulated from the armature. By thisarrangement there are provided two parallel contacts, so that in theevent of one becoming worn or pitted, the other may maintain eilicientaction of the device, and also the resilient mounting oit' the contactsaffords a rubbing action as they are engaged by the armature which tendsto keep'them clean and insure a good electrical connection.

Referring now to Figs. S and 9 of the drawings, there is shown a mainswitch which governs the electrical connection of the generator with theexternal circuit. This switch comprises a magnet 73 which may haveseveral windings and is provided with a core having an enlarged head74e. Secured to the opposite end. of this core is a supporting member 75having pivotally connected thereto a balanced armature 7G. This armaturebears a removable slotted contact 7T coacting with a fixed contact T8,these parts being so insulated and connected as to control connectionwith the external circuit. The supporting member 75 is secured to abrass piece 7 9 which holds it in position and spaces it from thesupporting wall indicated at 80, and between these parts is positionedan adjustable retracting spring 81 tending to swing the armature awayfrom the core to a distance limited by a brass stop Si), held beneaththe magnet core and extending over the armature as at 83.

1With reference to such electrical connections as are involved in thisinvention, it may be noted that each brush 37 is provided with a iexibleconductor Sli terminating in a pin 85 which slips within the perforatedpost 86, as best shown in Figs. 7 and 16 of the drawings. Theseconnections are readily accessible from the removable side openings ofthe casing 19- and permit the ready renewal of the brushes should suchaction become necessary. Leading from one of the posts 86 to theswitchboard 48 is a conductor 87 and the return connection is throughthe flexible conductor S8 and pin 89 to a post 90. From the remainingpost 86 and the post 90 connections lead to the line as indicated at 91.

In Fig. 16 of the drawings, there is diagrammatically indicated themethod of connection from .the body of the generator to the switchboard118, the end casing being partially withdrawn. from the field magnet inorder to disclose the structure more clearly. The conductors leadingfrom the body of the generator are diagrammatically indicated at 92 andthe corresponding conductors leading to the switchboard are shown at 93.These several conductors are provided with the connections shown at 94which are substantially opposite the openings in the casing 19 and arethus readily accessible upon a panel being removed.

In the use of the apparatus it will be seen that the generating unitwill give the desired high speed of the armature with a relatively lowspeed of the sprocket 8, and hence it is unnecessary to a large drivingsprocket upon the shaft G which might be impracticable by reason of thespace which it would consume. This driving mechanism is thoroughlyprotected and the gears may run inA oil, and yet the parts, whilecompactly disposed and securely held, arereadily disassembled, as byloosening the set-screw 26 or removing the strap at one end from the bed13. rlhe ield construction is extremely simple and inexpensive, and yetpermits such a shaping as to conserve space without a sacrifice ofefiiciency and gain a self-contained construction. rThe two end casingsare readily removed, if removal should prove necessary, but the sidepanels permit access to all of the parts which would need in spection orattention under any conditions, and hence removal of the casings israrely required. The brushes are held in proper position and yet mayreadily be removed and renewed, and the mounting of the regulatingapparatus, as shown, not only protects it against injury by blows or bythe entry of foreign matter, but brings it adjacent the brush mechanism,and thus gathers near a single point all of the parts which may needattention. The construction and action of the main switch will be clearfrom the above description and the mechanical action of the regulatingclement has already been described.

It will thus be seen that there is provided apparatus of a` compact, andyet simple, construction in which the several aims of this invention areachieved.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and manyapparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be madewithout departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all mattercontained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawingsshall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the followingclaims is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features ofthe invention herein described and all statements of the scope of theinvention, which, as a mattei' of language, might be said to falltherebetween.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. In electrical apparatus for motor vehicles, in combination, anelectrical generating and regulating device, comprising an armature,field magnets and means for retaining said parts in assembled relation,a casing, means for removably mounting said casing on a part of saidgenerator, automatic electromagnetic regulating means including anautomatic cut-out and a voltage regulator located entirely Within saidremovable casing, and secured thereto, said mounting means beingoperable from the exterior for mounting and for removing said casingwith its inclosed parts :trom the rest of the construction, anddetachable means for connecting said regulating means to said generator.

2. Combined electric generating and regulating apparatus comprising agenerator body portion having ield magnets and an armature mountedtherein, driving means at one end for said armature, a commutator at theopposite end of said armature, a separable longitudinal extension atsaid latter end having' a lateral opening opposite said commutator,regulating apparatus for said generator mounted upon and housed by saidextension, and releasable connections from said regulating apparatus tothe generating apparatus.

3, Combined electric generating and regulating apparatus comprising agenerator body portion having a field magnet and armature mountedtherein, a bearing for one end of the shaft of said armature, aseparable longitudinal extension at the opposite end of said armature,an internal annular shoulder integral With said extension, a bearing insaid chamber for the adjacent end of the shaft of said armature,regulating apparatus for said generator mounted upon and housed by saidextension, and releasable naaesas connections from said regulatingapparatus to the generating apparatus.

4i. Combined electric generating and regulating apparatus comprising agenerator body portion having a field magnet and an armature mountedtherein, a separable longitudinal extension one end of said bodyportion, a commutator connected with said armature and extending intosaid extension, a bearing` formed in and supported by said extensionWithin its length, whereby the total length oi3 the apparatus isreduced, and regulating apparatus mounted upon and housed by saidextension and releasably connected with the generator.

5. Combined electric generating and regulating apparatus comprising agenerator body portion having a field magnet and an armature mountedtherein, a bearing at each end oi the shaft of said armature, regulatingapparatus iior said generator, releasable connections between saidregulating apparatus and the body or said generator, a commutator, andan integral extension separably secured at one end of said body portionsurrounding said commutator, having said regulating apparatus mountedthereupon and housed thereby, supporting one of said bearings and havingtherein a lateral opening substantially opposite said commutator.

ln testimony whereof l a'iiiX my signature, in the presence of twoWitnesses.

JSEPH BiJR. lVitnesses L. A.. iVArsoN, Norris PERRY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ive cents each, by adressingthe Commissioner of Patents. Washington, E. C.

